@article {4079, title = {Zum Ged{\"a}chtnis von Adolf Engler - In Remembrance of Adolf Engler}, year = {1931}, keywords = {English translation}, author = {Diels, L. and Mayo, S.J.} } @article {4074, title = {Josef Bogner{\textquoteright}s publications}, year = {2020}, author = {Renner, S.S. and Mayo, S.J. and Jacobsen, N.} } @article {4073, title = {Josef Bogner (1939-2020)}, journal = {Taxon}, volume = {69}, year = {2020}, pages = {643-646}, chapter = {643}, doi = { https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12273}, author = {Renner, S.S. and Mayo, S.J.} } @inbook {4069, title = {The first evolutionary classification of the Araceae: A. Engler{\textquoteright}s Natural System}, booktitle = {Early events in Monocot evolution}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press, The Systematics Association}, organization = {Cambridge University Press, The Systematics Association}, chapter = {10}, address = {Cambridge, UK}, abstract = {

The development of A. Engler\’s classification of the Araceae is described, focussing on the earliest versions published in the 1870s, the fruits of his innovative morphological and anatomical studies of the family during the time he worked in Munich. This shows that Engler was especially concerned with providing a new classification of the Araceae that, in contrast to that of Heinrich Schott, was explicitly founded on hypothetical evolutionary connections between the major taxa. Particular attention is given to Engler\’s 1884 paper in which a detailed theoretical justification of his system is given and it is evident that by this time Engler\’s interpretations of Araceae phylogeny had been influenced by C.W. N\ägeli\’s Vervollkommnungstheorie. The continuing significance of Engler\’s work on aroids is highlighted.

}, keywords = {19th century, A. Engler, Araceae, C.W. N{\"a}geli, classification, evolutionary concepts, Vervollkommnungstheorie}, author = {Mayo, S.J. and Bogner, J.} } @inbook {4068, title = {Recent progress in the phylogenetics and classification of Araceae}, year = {2013}, abstract = {

The aim of this paper is to review progress in phylogenetic research of Araceae during the period since publication of the first major molecular study by French et al. (1995).

}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1017/CB09781139002950.010}, author = {Mayo, S.J. and Bogner, J. and Cusimano, N.} } @article {4067, title = {From open areas to forests? The evolutionary history of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae) using morphological data}, year = {2014}, abstract = {

Due to its wide distribution covering three of the largest Neotropical biomes, Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma is an interesting model to discuss the diversification of Neotropical plants. The aim of this study was to test a previous hypothesis that the Eastern and Southern species of P. subg. Meconostigma have plesiomorphic gynoecial structure while in Amazonian species they are apomorphic. To this end, we conducted an analysis of maximum parsimony with generalized frequency coding method using a matrix with 59 morphological characters and 90\% of the species of P. subg. Meconostigma. The phylogenetic reconstruction suggests that the subgenus is monophyletic and originates from open areas of Cerrado. Four morphological synapomorphies support the monophyly of the subgenus and seven synapomorphies support four minor clades within it. Our results also include characterization of three new gynoecial subtypes (A1, A2 and A3) within the subgenus. Subtype A2 (undeveloped stylar body with long stylar canals, absent central stylar dome, shallow compitum) is basal and represents the ancestral gynoecium in the group. These findings suggest that the balance between pollen uptake and accessibility of the locules were decisive to drive gynoecium evolution in the subgenus Meconostigma.

}, keywords = {Character analysis, Floral evolution, Gynoecium, Neotropics, phylogeny}, author = {Calazans, L.S.B. and Sakuragui, C.M. and Mayo, S.J.} } @article {4066, title = {History and infrageneric nomenclature of Philodendron (Araceae)}, year = {1990}, abstract = {

An historical review of the systematics of Philodendron Schott is presented, from the earliest known records to modern studies; the classifications of Schott and Engler are discussed in detail. A nomenclatural revision of infrageneric taxon names is given, with synonymy and lectotypification.

}, author = {Mayo, S.J.} } @article {254, title = {A revision of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae)}, journal = {Kew Bulletin}, volume = {46 (4)}, year = {1991}, abstract = {

Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma is defined and described taxonomically and a revision of the 15 recognized species is presented; two new species, P. dardanianum and P. uliginosum, are described. P. selloum is reduced to the synonymy of P. bipinnatifidum. Keys to the three subgenera of Philodendron and to the species of subgen. Meconostigma are presented. Brief reviews are given of vegetative and inflorescence morphology and anatomy, floral biology, geography, ecology and the fossil record.

}, author = {Mayo, S.J.} } @article {4059, title = {Recognition of the genus Thaumatophyllum Schott - formerly Philodendron subg. Meconostigma (Araceae) - based on molecular and morphological evidence}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma has been a well-circumscribed group since 1829. Members of this group are easily distinguished by diagnostic morphological characters as well as by a distinct ecology and geographical distribution. Based on molecular, morphological and cytological evidence, we propose the recognition of P. subg. Meconostigma as a distinct genus, Thaumatophyllum Schott. We also present the necessary new combinations, an emended key and some nomenclatural and taxonomic corrections regarding 21 names of Thaumatophyllum.

}, keywords = {chromosomes, molecular phylogeny, morphology, nomenclature, Philodendron, Thaumatophyllum}, doi = {doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.98.25044 }, author = {Sakuragui, C.M. and Calazans, L.S.B. and Loss-Oliveira, L. and Morais, E.B. and Benko-Iseppon, A.M. and Vasconcelos, S. and Schrago, C.G. and Mayo, S.J.} } @article {4057, title = {Floral Evolution of Philodendron Subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae)}, year = {2014}, abstract = {

Abstract
Elucidating the evolutionary patterns of flower and inflorescence structure is pivotal to understanding the phylogenetic relationships of Angiosperms as a whole. The inflorescence morphology and anatomy of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma, belonging to the monocot family Araceae, has been widely studied but the evolutionary relationships of subgenus Meconostigma and the evolution of its flower characters have hitherto remained unclear. This study examines gynoecium evolution in subgenus Meconostigma in the context of an estimated molecular phylogeny for all extant species of subgenus Meconostigma and analysis of ancestral character reconstructions of some gynoecial structures. The phylogenetic reconstructions of all extant Meconostigma species were conducted under a maximum likelihood approach based on the sequences of two chloroplast (trnk and matK) and two nuclear (ETS and 18S) markers. This topology was used to reconstruct the ancestral states of seven floral characters and to elucidate their evolutionary pattern in the Meconostigma lineage. Our phylogeny shows that Meconostigma is composed of two major clades, one comprising two Amazonian species and the other all the species from the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes with one Amazonian species. The common ancestor of the species of subgenus Meconostigma probably possessed short stylar lobes, long stylar canals, a stylar body, a vascular plexus in the gynoecium and druses in the stylar parenchyma but it is uncertain whether raphide inclusions were present in the parenchyma. The ancestral lineage also probably possessed up to 10 ovary locules. The evolution of these characters seems to have occurred independently in some lineages. We propose that the morphological and anatomical diversity observed in the gynoecial structures of subgenus Meconostigma is the result of an ongoing process of fusion of floral structures leading to a reduction of energy wastage and increase in stigmatic surface.

}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0089701}, author = {Loss-Oliveira, L. and Calazans, L.S.B. and Morais, E.B. and Mayo, S.J. and Schrago, C.G. and Sakuragui, C.M.} } @article {4048, title = {Relationships within the Araceae: comparison of morphological patterns with molecular phylogenies}, year = {2011}, abstract = {

\• Premise of the study: The fi rst family-wide molecular phylogeny of the Araceae, a family of about 3800 published species in 120 genera, became available in 1995, followed by a cladistic analysis of morpho-anatomical data in 1997. The most recent and comprehensive family-wide molecular phylogeny was published in 2008 and included species from 102 genera. We reanalyzed the molecular data with a more complete genus sampling and compared the resulting phylogeny with morphological and anatomical data, with a view to contributing to a new formal classifi cation of the Araceae.
\• Methods: We analyzed 113 aroid genera and 4494 aligned nucleotides that resulted from adding 11 genera to the 2008 molecular matrix. We also analyzed 81 morphological characters in the context of the molecular phylogeny, using an extended version of the 1997 morpho-anatomical data set.
\• Key results: The resulting maximum-likelihood phylogeny is well resolved and supported, and most of the 44 larger clades also have morphological or anatomical synapomorphies as well as ecological or geographic cohesion. Of the 44 clades, 16 are here newly circumscribed and informally named. However, some relationships remain poorly supported within the Aroideae subfamily. The most problematic placement is Calla within Aroideae, which confl icts with the distribution of morphological, anatomical, and palynological character states.
\• Conclusions: The comparison of the molecular analysis with morphological and anatomical data presented here represents an important basis for a new formal classifi cation for the Araceae and for the understanding of the evolution of this ancient family, a monocot group known in the fossil record from the early Cretaceous.

}, keywords = {Araceae, Calla, character evolution, classification, Lemnoideae, molecular phylogeny, phenotypic characterization}, doi = {doi:10.3732/ajb.1000158}, author = {Cusimano, N. and Bogner, J. and Mayo, S.J. and Boyce, P.C. and Wong, S.Y. and Hesse, M. and Hetterscheid, W.L.A. and Keating, R.C. and French, J.C.} } @article {247, title = {A new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from south-eastern Brazil. Feddes Repertorium}, volume = {110(7-8)}, year = {1999}, abstract = {

535-539

}, author = {Sakuragui, C.M. and Mayo, S.J.} } @article {4040, title = {Heinrich Wilhelm Schott (1794 1865) and the importance of Brazil for aroid systematics in the 19th century}, year = {2019}, keywords = {Aroideae Maximilianae, Brazil, Engler, Icones, Schott}, author = {Mayo, S.J.} } @article {4028, title = {Anthurium harleyi (Araceae) - a new rupicolous species of section Urospadix from the northern Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil}, journal = {Kew Bulletin}, volume = {74}, year = {2019}, month = {15 March 2019}, pages = {1-12}, chapter = {1}, abstract = {

Anthurium harleyi Pontes \& Mayo, a new rupicolous species of Anthurium sect. Urospadix, is described from the rupestrian grassland (campo rupestre) vegetation of the northern region of the Chapada Diamantina, in central Bahia state, Brazil. The new species is endemic to this region, but closely related to A. erskinei Mayo from the central and southern regions of the same highland. A multivariate morphometric analysis of twelve quantitative morphological variables is presented which shows the two species to be distinct. A taxonomic description, line drawings, photographs, distribution map and conservation status based on a spatial analysis are provided.

}, keywords = {Campo rupestre, lithophytes, Morro do Chap{\'e}u, mountaintop grasslands, multivariate morphometrics, new species, threatened species}, doi = {DOI 10.1007/S12225-019-9796-3}, author = {Pontes, T.A. and Andrade, I.M. and Richards, R.S. and Haigh, A. and Van den Berg, C. and Mayo, S.J.} } @article {3078, title = {SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL for Tiago A. Pontes, C{\'a}ssio Van den Berg, Ivanilza M. Andrade \& Simon J. Mayo, Measuring relative flower size in Anthurium (Araceae) as a continuous quantitative character}, year = {2014}, month = {June 2014}, publisher = {CATE Araceae}, type = {supplementary material for published paper}, abstract = {

Seven data tables

}, author = {Pontes, T.A. and Van den Berg, C. and Andrade, I.M. and Mayo, S.J.} } @article {1195, title = {Comparative morphology of populations of Monstera Adans. (Araceae) from natural forest fragments in Northeast Brazil using elliptic Fourier Analysis of leaf outlines}, journal = {Kew Bulletin}, volume = {63}, year = {2008}, pages = {193-211}, abstract = {

Summary. A comparative study of the leaf outline morphometrics of Monstera adansonii var. klotzschiana, M. adansonii var. laniata and M. praetermissa was carried out. The study focused on populations in isolated montane humid (brejo) forests of Cear\á state in Northeast Brazil and compared them with populations from Amazonia and the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Digitised outlines were prepared from a total of 1,695 field-collected leaf images from 20 populations, and elliptic Fourier analysis was used to generate matrices of coefficients, from which six shape variables (principal components) were extracted using Principal Components Analysis. Intra-population variability and inter-population differences were analysed with multivariate distance methods. Separate analyses were carried out for each of three leaf size classes (juvenile, submature, mature) because of the strong heteroblasty typical of this genus. Juvenile leaves were the least variable size class within populations of M. adansonii var. klotzschiana. The shape variables expressed very similar types of variation in all three size classes. The Cear\á brejo populations of M. adansonii var. klotzschiana showed significant differences between mature leaf outlines in all pairwise comparisons; the Pacatuba population was the most distinct. The Cear\á populations did not cluster together exclusively. In all three size classes, populations clustered together into their taxonomic groups, most clearly so in mature leaves. No correlation between morphological and geographic distance matrices was found, nor between morphological and molecular distance. The study showed that leaf outline shape is a practicable and useful quantitative trait for studying morphological variability at species, varietal and population levels.

}, keywords = {Araceae, Brazil, brejo forest, Cear{\'a}, elliptic Fourier Analysis, Monstera, morphometrics}, author = {Andrade, I. M and Mayo, S.J. and Kirkup, D. and Van den Berg, C.} } @article {1194, title = {Genetic variation in natural populations of Anthurium sinuatum and A. pentaphyllum var. pentaphyllum (Araceae) from north-east Brazil using AFLP molecular markers}, journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {159}, year = {2009}, pages = {88-105}, abstract = {

Genetic variation was investigated using AFLP markers in 12 populations of Anthurium sinuatum and A. pentaphyllum var. pentaphyllum (Araceae) in north-east Brazil, Amazonia and the Brazilian Atlantic forest. Two unique genetic patterns characterized the populations of A. sinuatum as a group, but no correlation between genetic and geographical interpopulation distance was found; the Amazonian population was not separated from that in Cear\á. The isolated Cear\á brejo populations of A. sinuatum were genetically distinct, but genetic diversity levels were similar to populations elsewhere, with no evidence of genetic erosion. Anthurium pentaphyllum populations were significantly different from each other; Bayesian genetic structural analysis found no common genetic pattern, but revealed genetic clusters unique to subgroups and individual populations in the Atlantic forest and French Guiana. Anthurium pentaphyllum and A. sinuatum can be distinguished genetically, but individuals of both species formed intermediate genetic clusters that blurred their distinction. We suggest that genetic mixing of A. sinuatum and A. pentaphyllum has occurred in north-east Brazil, possibly connected with cycles of humid forest expansion. The weak genetic structure in A. sinuatum is consistent with the natural fragmentation of continuous forest areas, possibly during the Holocene. This study highlights the scientific importance of the highly threatened brejo forests for tropical American biogeography.

}, keywords = {Anthurium, molecular}, author = {Andrade, I. M and Mayo, S.J. and Van den Berg, C. and Fay, M. F. and Chester, M. and Lexer, C. and Kirkup, D.} }