00319nas a2200121 4500008004100000245002900041210002600070300001200096490000700108100001700115700001500132856005000147 2020 eng d00aJosef Bogner (1939-2020)0 aJosef Bogner 19392020 a643-6460 v691 aRenner, S.S.1 aMayo, S.J. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/407301938nas a2200181 4500008004100000245013000041210006900171520132300240653002301563653002101586653001401607653001501621653001401636100002101650700002001671700001501691856005001706 2014 eng d00aFrom open areas to forests? The evolutionary history of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae) using morphological data0 aFrom open areas to forests The evolutionary history of Philodend3 a

Due to its wide distribution covering three of the largest Neotropical biomes, Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma is an interesting model to discuss the diversification of Neotropical plants. The aim of this study was to test a previous hypothesis that the Eastern and Southern species of P. subg. Meconostigma have plesiomorphic gynoecial structure while in Amazonian species they are apomorphic. To this end, we conducted an analysis of maximum parsimony with generalized frequency coding method using a matrix with 59 morphological characters and 90% of the species of P. subg. Meconostigma. The phylogenetic reconstruction suggests that the subgenus is monophyletic and originates from open areas of Cerrado. Four morphological synapomorphies support the monophyly of the subgenus and seven synapomorphies support four minor clades within it. Our results also include characterization of three new gynoecial subtypes (A1, A2 and A3) within the subgenus. Subtype A2 (undeveloped stylar body with long stylar canals, absent central stylar dome, shallow compitum) is basal and represents the ancestral gynoecium in the group. These findings suggest that the balance between pollen uptake and accessibility of the locules were decisive to drive gynoecium evolution in the subgenus Meconostigma.
 

10aCharacter analysis10aFloral evolution10aGynoecium10aNeotropics10aphylogeny1 aCalazans, L.S.B.1 aSakuragui, C.M.1 aMayo, S.J. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/406700645nas a2200097 4500008004100000245006800041210006600109520030700175100001500482856005000497 1990 eng d00aHistory and infrageneric nomenclature of Philodendron (Araceae)0 aHistory and infrageneric nomenclature of Philodendron Araceae3 a

An historical review of the systematics of Philodendron Schott is presented, from the earliest known records to modern studies; the classifications of Schott and Engler are discussed in detail. A nomenclatural revision of infrageneric taxon names is given, with synonymy and lectotypification.

1 aMayo, S.J. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/406600859nas a2200109 4500008004100000245006300041210005900104490001100163520051100174100001500685856004900700 1991 eng d00aA revision of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae)0 arevision of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma Araceae0 v46 (4)3 a

Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma is defined and described taxonomically and a revision of the 15 recognized species is presented; two new species, P. dardanianum and P. uliginosum, are described. P. selloum is reduced to the synonymy of P. bipinnatifidum. Keys to the three subgenera of Philodendron and to the species of subgen. Meconostigma are presented. Brief reviews are given of vegetative and inflorescence morphology and anatomy, floral biology, geography, ecology and the fossil record.

1 aMayo, S.J. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/25401393nas a2200253 4500008004100000245015700041210007100198520055400269653001600823653002400839653001500863653001700878653001700895653002000912100002000932700002100952700002200973700001700995700002401012700002001036700001801056700001501074856005001089 2018 eng d00aRecognition of the genus Thaumatophyllum Schott − formerly Philodendron subg. Meconostigma (Araceae) − based on molecular and morphological evidence0 aRecognition of the genus Thaumatophyllum Schott − formerly Philo3 a

Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma has been a well-circumscribed group since 1829. Members of this group are easily distinguished by diagnostic morphological characters as well as by a distinct ecology and geographical distribution. Based on molecular, morphological and cytological evidence, we propose the recognition of P. subg. Meconostigma as a distinct genus, Thaumatophyllum Schott. We also present the necessary new combinations, an emended key and some nomenclatural and taxonomic corrections regarding 21 names of Thaumatophyllum.

10achromosomes10amolecular phylogeny10amorphology10anomenclature10aPhilodendron10aThaumatophyllum1 aSakuragui, C.M.1 aCalazans, L.S.B.1 aLoss-Oliveira, L.1 aMorais, E.B.1 aBenko-Iseppon, A.M.1 aVasconcelos, S.1 aSchrago, C.G.1 aMayo, S.J. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/405902531nas a2200169 4500008004100000024001100041245006900052210006700121520201000188100002202198700002102220700001702241700001502258700001802273700002002291856005002311 2014 eng d ae8970100aFloral Evolution of Philodendron Subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae)0 aFloral Evolution of Philodendron Subgenus Meconostigma Araceae3 a

Abstract
Elucidating the evolutionary patterns of flower and inflorescence structure is pivotal to understanding the phylogenetic relationships of Angiosperms as a whole. The inflorescence morphology and anatomy of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma, belonging to the monocot family Araceae, has been widely studied but the evolutionary relationships of subgenus Meconostigma and the evolution of its flower characters have hitherto remained unclear. This study examines gynoecium evolution in subgenus Meconostigma in the context of an estimated molecular phylogeny for all extant species of subgenus Meconostigma and analysis of ancestral character reconstructions of some gynoecial structures. The phylogenetic reconstructions of all extant Meconostigma species were conducted under a maximum likelihood approach based on the sequences of two chloroplast (trnk and matK) and two nuclear (ETS and 18S) markers. This topology was used to reconstruct the ancestral states of seven floral characters and to elucidate their evolutionary pattern in the Meconostigma lineage. Our phylogeny shows that Meconostigma is composed of two major clades, one comprising two Amazonian species and the other all the species from the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes with one Amazonian species. The common ancestor of the species of subgenus Meconostigma probably possessed short stylar lobes, long stylar canals, a stylar body, a vascular plexus in the gynoecium and druses in the stylar parenchyma but it is uncertain whether raphide inclusions were present in the parenchyma. The ancestral lineage also probably possessed up to 10 ovary locules. The evolution of these characters seems to have occurred independently in some lineages. We propose that the morphological and anatomical diversity observed in the gynoecial structures of subgenus Meconostigma is the result of an ongoing process of fusion of floral structures leading to a reduction of energy wastage and increase in stigmatic surface.

1 aLoss-Oliveira, L.1 aCalazans, L.S.B.1 aMorais, E.B.1 aMayo, S.J.1 aSchrago, C.G.1 aSakuragui, C.M. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/405702620nas a2200277 4500008004100000245010200041210006900143520179200212653001202004653001002016653002402026653001902050653001502069653002402084653003202108100001702140700001502157700001502172700001602187700001502203700001402218700002502232700001802257700001702275856005002292 2011 eng d00aRelationships within the Araceae: comparison of morphological patterns with molecular phylogenies0 aRelationships within the Araceae comparison of morphological pat3 a

• Premise of the study: The fi rst family-wide molecular phylogeny of the Araceae, a family of about 3800 published species in 120 genera, became available in 1995, followed by a cladistic analysis of morpho-anatomical data in 1997. The most recent and comprehensive family-wide molecular phylogeny was published in 2008 and included species from 102 genera. We reanalyzed the molecular data with a more complete genus sampling and compared the resulting phylogeny with morphological and anatomical data, with a view to contributing to a new formal classifi cation of the Araceae.
• Methods: We analyzed 113 aroid genera and 4494 aligned nucleotides that resulted from adding 11 genera to the 2008 molecular matrix. We also analyzed 81 morphological characters in the context of the molecular phylogeny, using an extended version of the 1997 morpho-anatomical data set.
• Key results: The resulting maximum-likelihood phylogeny is well resolved and supported, and most of the 44 larger clades also have morphological or anatomical synapomorphies as well as ecological or geographic cohesion. Of the 44 clades, 16 are here newly circumscribed and informally named. However, some relationships remain poorly supported within the Aroideae subfamily. The most problematic placement is Calla within Aroideae, which confl icts with the distribution of morphological, anatomical, and palynological character states.
• Conclusions: The comparison of the molecular analysis with morphological and anatomical data presented here represents an important basis for a new formal classifi cation for the Araceae and for the understanding of the evolution of this ancient family, a monocot group known in the fossil record from the early Cretaceous.

10aAraceae10aCalla10acharacter evolution10aclassification10aLemnoideae10amolecular phylogeny10aphenotypic characterization1 aCusimano, N.1 aBogner, J.1 aMayo, S.J.1 aBoyce, P.C.1 aWong, S.Y.1 aHesse, M.1 aHetterscheid, W.L.A.1 aKeating, R.C.1 aFrench, J.C. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/404800437nas a2200121 4500008004100000245008700041210006900128490001300197520002100210100002000231700001500251856004900266 1999 eng d00aA new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from south-eastern Brazil. Feddes Repertorium0 anew species of Anthurium Araceae from southeastern Brazil Feddes0 v110(7-8)3 a

535-539

1 aSakuragui, C.M.1 aMayo, S.J. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/24701575nas a2200277 4500008004100000245013200041210006900173260001800242300000900260490000700269520071400276653001900990653001601009653002101025653002701046653003101073653001601104653002301120100001701143700001801160700001901178700001401197700002101211700001501232856005001247 2019 eng d00aAnthurium harleyi (Araceae) - a new rupicolous species of section Urospadix from the northern Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil0 aAnthurium harleyi Araceae a new rupicolous species of section Ur c15 March 2019 a1-120 v743 a

Anthurium harleyi Pontes & Mayo, a new rupicolous species of Anthurium sect. Urospadix, is described from the rupestrian grassland (campo rupestre) vegetation of the northern region of the Chapada Diamantina, in central Bahia state, Brazil. The new species is endemic to this region, but closely related to A. erskinei Mayo from the central and southern regions of the same highland. A multivariate morphometric analysis of twelve quantitative morphological variables is presented which shows the two species to be distinct. A taxonomic description, line drawings, photographs, distribution map and conservation status based on a spatial analysis are provided.

10aCampo rupestre10alithophytes10aMorro do Chapéu10amountaintop grasslands10amultivariate morphometrics10anew species10athreatened species1 aPontes, T.A.1 aAndrade, I.M.1 aRichards, R.S.1 aHaigh, A.1 aVan den Berg, C.1 aMayo, S.J. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/402800637nas a2200145 4500008004100000245020000041210007000241260002800311520003100339100001700370700002100387700001800408700001500426856005000441 2014 eng d00aSUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL for Tiago A. Pontes, Cássio Van den Berg, Ivanilza M. Andrade & Simon J. Mayo, Measuring relative flower size in Anthurium (Araceae) as a continuous quantitative character0 aSUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL for Tiago A Pontes Cássio Van den Berg Iv bCATE AraceaecJune 20143 a

Seven data tables

1 aPontes, T.A.1 aVan den Berg, C.1 aAndrade, I.M.1 aMayo, S.J. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/307802599nas a2200241 4500008004100000245017000041210006900211300001200280490000700292520182800299653001202127653001102139653001702150653001102167653003002178653001302208653001802221100001902239700001502258700001502273700002102288856004802309 2008 eng d00aComparative morphology of populations of Monstera Adans. (Araceae) from natural forest fragments in Northeast Brazil using elliptic Fourier Analysis of leaf outlines0 aComparative morphology of populations of Monstera Adans Araceae  a193-2110 v633 a

Summary. A comparative study of the leaf outline morphometrics of Monstera adansonii var. klotzschiana, M. adansonii var. laniata and M. praetermissa was carried out. The study focused on populations in isolated montane humid (brejo) forests of Ceará state in Northeast Brazil and compared them with populations from Amazonia and the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Digitised outlines were prepared from a total of 1,695 field-collected leaf images from 20 populations, and elliptic Fourier analysis was used to generate matrices of coefficients, from which six shape variables (principal components) were extracted using Principal Components Analysis. Intra-population variability and inter-population differences were analysed with multivariate distance methods. Separate analyses were carried out for each of three leaf size classes (juvenile, submature, mature) because of the strong heteroblasty typical of this genus. Juvenile leaves were the least variable size class within populations of M. adansonii var. klotzschiana. The shape variables expressed very similar types of variation in all three size classes. The Ceará brejo populations of M. adansonii var. klotzschiana showed significant differences between mature leaf outlines in all pairwise comparisons; the Pacatuba population was the most distinct. The Ceará populations did not cluster together exclusively. In all three size classes, populations clustered together into their taxonomic groups, most clearly so in mature leaves. No correlation between morphological and geographic distance matrices was found, nor between morphological and molecular distance. The study showed that leaf outline shape is a practicable and useful quantitative trait for studying morphological variability at species, varietal and population levels.

10aAraceae10aBrazil10abrejo forest10aCeará10aelliptic Fourier Analysis10aMonstera10amorphometrics1 aAndrade, I., M1 aMayo, S.J.1 aKirkup, D.1 aVan den Berg, C. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/1402232nas a2200217 4500008004100000245016700041210006900208300001100277490000800288520152600296653001401822653001401836100001901850700001501869700002101884700001601905700001601921700001401937700001501951856004801966 2009 eng d00aGenetic variation in natural populations of Anthurium sinuatum and A. pentaphyllum var. pentaphyllum (Araceae) from north-east Brazil using AFLP molecular markers0 aGenetic variation in natural populations of Anthurium sinuatum a a88-1050 v1593 a

Genetic variation was investigated using AFLP markers in 12 populations of Anthurium sinuatum and A. pentaphyllum var. pentaphyllum (Araceae) in north-east Brazil, Amazonia and the Brazilian Atlantic forest. Two unique genetic patterns characterized the populations of A. sinuatum as a group, but no correlation between genetic and geographical interpopulation distance was found; the Amazonian population was not separated from that in Ceará. The isolated Ceará brejo populations of A. sinuatum were genetically distinct, but genetic diversity levels were similar to populations elsewhere, with no evidence of genetic erosion. Anthurium pentaphyllum populations were significantly different from each other; Bayesian genetic structural analysis found no common genetic pattern, but revealed genetic clusters unique to subgroups and individual populations in the Atlantic forest and French Guiana. Anthurium pentaphyllum and A. sinuatum can be distinguished genetically, but individuals of both species formed intermediate genetic clusters that blurred their distinction. We suggest that genetic mixing of A. sinuatum and A. pentaphyllum has occurred in north-east Brazil, possibly connected with cycles of humid forest expansion. The weak genetic structure in A. sinuatum is consistent with the natural fragmentation of continuous forest areas, possibly during the Holocene. This study highlights the scientific importance of the highly threatened brejo forests for tropical American biogeography.

10aAnthurium10amolecular1 aAndrade, I., M1 aMayo, S.J.1 aVan den Berg, C.1 aFay, M., F.1 aChester, M.1 aLexer, C.1 aKirkup, D. uhttps://cate-araceae.myspecies.info/node/11